This church was one of the three oratories which existed in the 16th and 17th centuries in the village of Castel Guelfo, both inside and outside the walls.

The oratories of Madonna della Pioppa and Holy Sacrament were built between 1480 and 1500, while the oratory of the Crucified was built in 1624.

This, however, was demolished soon after the Unity of Italy to build a second access to the town.
This church is the oldest religious building in Castel Guelfo. Its square body opens up in three chapels thus giving the church a Greek-cross plant.
It seems that the church housed a canvas by Ludovico Carracci depicting St. Rocco, but it was moved to Bologna in 1806.

There is a cycle paintings representing the life of the Virgin Mary and the Archangels.

Giuseppe Righini, a well-known painter from Imola, painted it during the last decades of the 18th century.